Introductory Networking
in TryHackMe
The aim of this room is to provide a beginner’s introduction to the basic principles of networking. Networking is a massive topic, so this really will just be a brief overview; however, it will hopefully give you some foundational knowledge of the topic, which you can build upon for yourself
Task 2 [ The OSI Model: An Overview]
Which layer would choose to send data over TCP or UDP?
4
Which layer checks received packets to make sure that they haven’t been corrupted?
2
In which layer would data be formatted in preparation for transmission?
2
Which layer transmits and receives data?
1
Which layer encrypts, compresses, or otherwise transforms the initial data to give it a standardised format?
6
Which layer tracks communications between the host and receiving computers?
5
Which layer accepts communication requests from applications?
7
Which layer handles logical addressing?
3
When sending data over TCP, what would you call the “bite-sized” pieces of data?
Segments
[Research] Which layer would the FTP protocol communicate with?
7
Which transport layer protocol would be best suited to transmit a live video?
UDP
Task 3 [ Encapsulation ]
How would you refer to data at layer 2 of the encapsulation process (with the OSI model)?
Frames
How would you refer to data at layer 4 of the encapsulation process (with the OSI model), if the UDP protocol has been selected?
Datagrams
What process would a computer perform on a received message?
De-encapsulation
Which is the only layer of the OSI model to add a trailer during encapsulation?
Data Link
Does encapsulation provide an extra layer of security (Aye/Nay)?
Aye
Task 4 [ The TCP/IP Model ]
Which model was introduced first, OSI or TCP/IP?
TCP/IP
Which layer of the TCP/IP model covers the functionality of the Transport layer of the OSI model (Full Name)?
Transport
Which layer of the TCP/IP model covers the functionality of the Session layer of the OSI model (Full Name)?
Application
The Network Interface layer of the TCP/IP model covers the functionality of two layers in the OSI model. These layers are Data Link, and?.. (Full Name)?
Physical
Which layer of the TCP/IP model handles the functionality of the OSI network layer?
Internet
What kind of protocol is TCP?
Connection-based
What is SYN short for?
Synchronise
What is the second step of the three way handshake?
SYN/ACK
What is the short name for the “Acknowledgement” segment in the three-way handshake?
ACK
Task 5 [ Networking Tools Ping ]
What command would you use to ping the bbc.co.uk website?
ping bbc.co.uk
Ping muirlandoracle.co.uk , What is the IPv4 address?
217.160.0.152
What switch lets you change the interval of sent ping requests?
-i
What switch would allow you to restrict requests to IPv4?
-4
What switch would give you a more verbose output?
-v
Task 6 [ Networking Tools Traceroute ]
What switch would you use to specify an interface when using Traceroute?
-i
What switch would you use if you wanted to use TCP SYN requests when tracing the route?
-T
[Lateral Thinking] Which layer of the TCP/IP model will traceroute run on by default (Windows)?
Internet
Task 7 [ Networking Tools Whois ]
What is the registrant postal code for facebook.com?
94025
When was the facebook.com domain first registered?
29/03/1997
Which city is the registrant based in?
Redmond
[OSINT] What is the name of the golf course that is near the registrant address for microsoft.com?
Bellevue Golf Course
What is the registered Tech Email for microsoft.com?
msnhst@microsoft.com
Task 8 [ Networking Tools Dig ]
What is DNS short for?
Domain Name System
What is the first type of DNS server your computer would query when you search for a domain?
Recursive
What type of DNS server contains records specific to domain extensions (i.e. .com, .co.uk, etc)? Use the long version of the name.
Top-Level Domain
Where is the very first place your computer would look to find the IP address of a domain?
Local Cache
[Research] Google runs two public DNS servers. One of them can be queried with the IP 8.8.8.8, what is the IP address of the other one?
8.8.4.4
If a DNS query has a TTL of 24 hours, what number would the dig query show?
86400
